NIKOTINOVAYA ACID (Acidum nicotinicum). FIT RR.

     Piridinkarbonovaya-3 acid.

     Synonyms : Vitamin B3 Apelagrin, Induracin, Liplyt, Niacin, Nicodan, Nicodon, Niconacid, Nicotene, Nicovit, Pellagramin, Pelonin, Peviton, Vitaplex N.

     The white crystalline powder. Poor soluble in cold water (1:70), preferably in the hot (1:15), it is difficult to dissolve in alcohol. Sterile solutions at 100 C for 30 minutes.

     By building nicotinic acid close to nikotinamidu.

     Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide in animal organs (liver, kidney, muscle, etc.), milk, fish, yeast, fruit, vegetables, Buckwheat grains and other products.

     Nicotinic acid amide and play a significant role in the life of the organism; They are prosteticheskimi groups of enzymes - kodegidrazy I (difosfopiridinnukleotida - NAD) and kodegidrazy II (trifosfopiridinnukleotida - NADF), which carries the hydrogen and of redox processes. Kodegidraza II is also involved in the transport of phosphate.

     Daily demand for nicotinic acid (and nikotinamide) is an adult about 20 mg, with heavy physical labour, about 25 mg, for children from 6 months to 1 year, 6 mg, 1 to 1, 5 to 9 mg, 1, 5 and 2 years, 10 mg, 3 to 4 years, 12 mg, 5 to 6 years, 13 mg, from 7 to 10 years old, 15 mg, 11 to 13 years - 19 mg, 14 for boys at 17-21 mg, for girls 14-17 years 18 mg.

     Lack of vitamin E in humans leads to the development of pellagra.

     Nicotinic acid amide and its peculiar protivopellagricheskimi means, in connection with what they described as vitamin and RR (From Re ll and gra- reventive R-warning pellagra.) . Their use, particularly in the early stages of the disease, resulting in the extinction events pellagra.

     Nicotinic acid is not only protivopellagricheskimi properties; It improves carbohydrate exchange, in a positive light forms of diabetes, liver disease, heart disease, stomach ulcers and gastrointestinal cancer and enterocolitis, weak healing wounds and ulcers. It also provides salts effect.

     Niacin has lipoproteidemicheskoy activity. (See Gipolipoproteidemicheskie (antiateroskleroticheskie) funds. In high doses (3 to 4 grams a day) lowers triglyceride content and b-LDL in the blood. Patients who are NCEP influenced by decreasing the ratio of cholesterol / phospholipids in the low density lipoprotein.

     Assign a specific means for the prevention, treatment and pellagra. In addition, the use in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (especially with gastritis with low acidity), liver diseases (acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis), vascular spasm of limbs, kidney, brain (see Nikoverin, Nikoshpan, Ksantinola nikotinat) with neuritis facial nerve, atherosclerosis, the long-term healing wounds and ulcers, and other infectious diseases.

     Applied nicotinic acid inside (after eating) and parenteral. For preventive purposes appointed interior adults to 0,015 - 0,025 grams; Children on the 0,005 - 0.02 grams per day.

     In pellagra give adults inside of 0.1 g 2 - 3 - 4 times a day for 15 to 20 days; Parenteral impose 1% solution of 1 ml of 1 to 2 times a day for 10 to 15 days. Children designate the interior of 0,005 to 0,05 g 2 - 3 times a day.

     In other diseases nicotinic acid designate an adult to 0,02 - 0,05 g (up to 0.1 g); Children on the 0,005 - 0.03 g 2 - 3 times a day.

     As salts with ischaemic stroke funds injected 1 ml of 1% solution.

     Intravenous be slow. Cord and intramuscular of nicotinic acid painful. To avoid irritation can be used nikotinatom sodium (sodium salt of nicotinic acid) or nikotinamidom.

     Higher doses for adults inside : single 0.1 g, 0.5 g daily; In the vein (as sodium salt) : single 0.1 g, 0.3 g. The daily ingestion single dose can be increased gradually (if no side effects) to 0.5 to 1 g, and a daily dose of up to 3 to 5 grams (primarily for the treatment of atherosclerosis and other violations of lipid exchange).

     Nicotinic acid (especially when administered shock and to be associated with a heightened sensitivity) can cause reddening face and the upper half of the body, dizziness, feeling tide of blood to the head, krapivnuyu rashes, parestezii. These phenomena are alone. With rapid intravenous fluids nicotinic acid can be severe drop in blood pressure.

     Intravenous injections not receive in the form of heavy hypertension and arteriosclerosis.

     Those with a heightened sensitivity to nicotinic acid should appoint nicotinamide, except when nicotinic acid salts used as a tool.

     Note that prolonged use of high doses of nicotinic acid may lead to the development of fatty liver dystrophy. To prevent this complication are encouraged to include in the diet products rich in methionine (see), or appoint lipotropnye methionine and other means.

     Method of issuance : powder; Tablets of 0.05 g (for medicinal purposes); 1, 7% solution of sodium nikotinata (sootvststvuet 0.1% nicotinic acid) in 1 ml ampoules; PH solution for injection, 5 - 0 7 0 [Solution nicotinic acid injection (1%) produced by the addition of sodium gidrokarbonata (0.7 g 1 g nicotinic acid); thus ampoule nicotinic acid solutions containing sodium nikotinat.] .

     Storage : List B. Powder-well ukuporennoy packaging keeps out of the light; Tablets and capsules, in the dark place.

     Rp. : Ta b. As. nicotinici 0.05 N. 50

     D.S. At one pill two times a day

     Rp. : S for l. N and trii nicotinatis 1 7% 1 ml (s. As. Nicotinici 1%)

     D.t.d. N. 10 in a mpull.

     S. At 1 ml intramuscularly or intravenously

     Nicotinic acid is part of the complex products "Nikoverin (see Papaverin)," Nikoshpan (see Noshpa) and is part of the molecules' Ksantinola nikotinata and Pikamilona. " Effects of these drugs is highly correlated with sosudorasshiryayuschimi and other properties of nicotinic acid.

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