KOLHAMIN (Colchaminum).

     Kolhamin is one of the alkaloids isolated from klubnelukovits bezvremennika excellent (Colchicum Speciosum Stev). , Herewith. lileynyh (Liliaceae) Second pygmy contained in the klubnelukovitsah is kolhitsin (Colchicinum).

     Both are close alkaloid structure. Kolhitsin is (S) N - (5, 6, 7, 9-tetrahydro-1, 2, 3, 10-tetrametoksi-9- oksobenzo [a] geptalen-7- mud) atsetamidom and kolhamin replaced instead acetamide group (NH -COCH 3) aminometilnoy (NH-CH cr).

     Synonyms kolhitsina : Artrichine, Colchiquim, Colchisol, Colcin, Colgout, Coluric, Novolchine.

     Synonyms kolhamina : Omain, Coclemid, Demecolcine, Omain.

     Both alkaloid are white or white with a yellowish sheen melkokristallicheskimi powders. They possess similar pharmacological properties, however kolhamin less toxic (7 to 8 times). Both drugs have antimitoticheskoy activity have karioklasticheskoe is influenced dismally at leyko- and limfopoez.

     Kolhamin drew the attention of professionals, mainly as a tool for external use (in the form of masi) in malignant diseases of the skin.

     It was also suggested to use kolhamin, especially in combination with derivative bis-b-chloroethyl) - amine (sarkolizin) for the treatment of oesophageal cancer. For this purpose kolhamin appointed interior in the form of tablets for 6-10 mg (0.006 - 0.01 g) 2 - 3 times a day, total exchange dose of 50 mg-110.

     Such use kolhamina requires careful medical supervision and control of blood. When the cells below 3 x 10 9 / L and platelets less than 100 x 10 9 / L received the drug ceased to reconstruct the blood.

     Before kolhamina may have nausea and vomiting. If possible overdose strong oppression blood. Prevention and treatment of these complications are the same as in the application of other cytotoxic drugs.

     There also diarrhea and temporary Alopecia. When impurities in the blood and vomit mass degteobraznogo chair treatment stop and spend gemostaticheskuyu therapy. In the treatment process should be conducted periodically to study stool hidden blood.

     Application kolhamina (and its combination with other therapy drugs), with oesophageal cancer contraindicated in the emerging signs of perforation in the bronchi and a perforation; In stark expressed oppression kostnomozgovogo blood (blood level below 4 x 10 9 / L, platelets less than 100 x 10 / l. ), and anemia.

     Method of issuance : pills to 0,002 grams (2 mg); Ointment 0.5%.

     Storage : List A. In a cool, the dark spot.

     Kolhitsin, in the presence alongside antimitoticheskoy activity amiloidnyh ability to inhibit formation of fibril, block amiloidoz, exercise and anti-inflammatory urikozuricheskoe offered primarily for the treatment of recurrent disease and gout.

     Assign kolhitsin inwards in the form of tablets. For acute attacks of gout are 0,5-1, 0 mg 3 to 6 times a day (no more than 6 mg per day) to achieve the effect, then reduce the dose to 2, 0, 1, 0 - 0.5 mg / day (days).

     In periodic disease complicated amiloidozom designate long-term (up to 5 years or more) for 1 to 3 tablets (often 1 - 1 5 tablets) a day.

     Treatment kolhitsinom be conducted under the close supervision of clinical and haematological. Perhaps develop diarrhoea, radiation and other side effects (see Kolhamin).

     The drug is not suitable for kidney and liver failure, introducing diseases, pregnancy.

     Product : tablets, coated in white, to 0,001 g (1 mg).

     Storage : List A. In a cool, the dark spot.

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