KROMOGLITSIEVAYA ACID (Cromoglicic acid)

     Chemical name : 5,5 '- [(2-Gidroksi-1, 3-propandiil) bis (Oxy)] bis [4-okso-4H-1- benzopiran- 2-carboxylic acid (in the form of dexamethasone salt)

     Pharmacology : The drugs act-cell, anti.

Stabilize membranes sensitised fat cells, inhibits entry of calcium ions, degranulyatsiyu and release of histamine, bradikinina, leykotrienov (including slow reacting substance arginine), prostaglandines and other biologically active substances. Warn development of inflammatory and allergic reactions, bronchospasm, ingibiruet chemotaxis Eosinophils. Has the ability to block receptors specific mediators of inflammation. Prolonged use reduces the frequency of attacks of asthma and facilitates the flow, reduces the need for Bronchiodialator drugs and glucocorticoids. In patients with mastotsitozom through 2-6 weeks from the start of treatment down from the digestive tract symptoms (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting), and skin (hyperemia, urticaria, itch), which remains 2-3 weeks after its abolition. Reduction in symptoms of allergic eye disease manifests itself in a period of a few days to several weeks. In round allergic rhinitis effect seen during weeks 1 and reaches its maximum after 1-4 weeks.

Long-term studies in mice, hamster, rabbits and rats did not show carcinogenic and teratogennogo action. When parenteral introduction mice, rats and rabbits at doses up to 338 times the therapeutic dose for a person who has no effect on fertility. In higher doses of toxic effect on the female body, increases the frequency resorption fruit and reduces weight.

Once inside absorbed no more than 1% (0.45% return with urine for 24 h), the remainder from faeces. In instillyatsii in the eye poorly absorbed in the systemic blood flow (0.03%), trace amounts (less than 0.01%) entered the watery moisture and completely removed within 1 day. Following intranasal use of less than 7% absorbed in the blood system. In inhalation introduction to the 90% captured by drug lungs and major bronchi. Of light absorbed dose of 5-15% (Cmax blood through a 15-20 min), a small portion comes in the digestive tract, the rest of temper. Suction with mucous membranes decreases with the increase in the number secret. Linking blood plasma proteins, 65-75%. Do not metabolised and removed from the body in equal numbers with urine and bile for 24 h. T1 / 2 hours of 1-1,5 In small quantities into the breast milk. Effects of single dose until 5 p.m.

     Application : Capsule : food allergy (with a proven antigen) as an aid : non Ulcerative Colitis, proktit, koloproktit, mastotsitoz.

Eye Drops : conjunctivitis (acute and chronic allergic, spring), and keratokonyunktivit keratitis, "dry eye syndrome", overvoltage and eye fatigue, eye irritation of mucous membrane caused by allergies (environmental factors, occupational hazards, means household chemicals, cosmetics , ophthalmic dosage forms, plants and animals).

Nasal spray :-round and seasonal allergic rhinitis, pollinoz.

Inhaled forms : bronchial asthma, incl. atopic, physical effort and attack triad of chronic bronchitis with bronhoobstruktivnym syndrome.

     Contraindications : Giperchuvstvitelnost (incl. to benzalkoniya hydrochloride), pregnancy, breast-feeding, child before age 2 years (measured spray up to 5 years).

     Restrictions apply to : A polyps in the nose (for intranazalnyh forms)

     Application of pregnancy and breastfeeding : Protivopokazano (especially in the first trimester of pregnancy). At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

     Side Effects : When inhalation application :

For the skin : exanthema, dermatitis; Rarely, urticaria; In some cases, vascular edema, fotodermatit, eksfoliativny dermatitis.

From the nervous system and sensory organs : in some cases, ill, dizziness, irritability, insomnia, hallucinations, tremor, peripheral neuritis, the noise in the head.

For part of the digestive tract : nausea, gastroenteritis; In some cases, bad taste in his mouth, stomatitis, glossit, swelling salivary gland tumors, ezofagospazm, neuralgia, flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, the effects on the liver.

From the urogenital system : frequent urination, Nephropathy.

From the respiratory system : bronchial irritation with inhalation (cough, vomiting male to be short causes; Seldom-expressed with declining external respiration, requiring lifting drugs), pharyngitis; Seldom-krovoharkane, laryngeal edema, eosinophilic pneumonia.

From the cardiovascular system : in some cases, chest pains, periarterialny vaskulit, heart failure, perikardit, hypotension, cardiac rhythm violation.

From the locomotive : myofasciitis, in some cases, muscle and joint pain, polimiozit, swelling of the joints.

Other : rare-disease whey.

When ingestion :

For part of the digestive tract : nausea, vomiting, feeling of abdominal discomfort, diarrhea.

Other : skin rashes, pain in joints.

In intra :

For part of the digestive tract : a bad taste in the mouth, swelling language.

From the respiratory system : short-term irritation of mucous membranes and increased allocation secret of the nose; Very rarely, bleeding from the nose, mucous membranes, pitting the nasal cavity, coughing, suffocation.

Other : headache, arthralgia, anaphylactic reaction (cough, a violation of swallowing, skin itch, swelling person, lips or age, difficulty breathing), exanthema, urticaria.

For eye drops short-burning and breach of view, hyperemia close-watering, swelling close-foreign body feeling in the eyes, dry eyes around, barley.

     Networking : Beta adrenomimetiki, glucocorticoids, antihistamines funds and Theophylline potentsiruyut effect. It should not be ingalirovat bromgeksin, amboroxol mixed with dilute acid kromoglitsievoy.

     Dosing and Administration : inside, adults and children (over 12 years) to 2 CBSA. (200 mg) 4 times a day for half an hour before meals and sleep. Children from 2 to 12 years - 1 CBSA. (100 mg) 4 times daily (40 mg / kg / day). Eye Drops : konyunktivalno, adults and children - 1-2 drops to 4 times a day (up to 6-8 times) at equal intervals (in the interval between reaching effect of gradually lengthened). Intranasal 1 aerosol dose in each bow at 3-4 times daily. Inhalation : in bronchial asthma, adults and children older than 5 years (measured aerosol) in the treatment of early-dose of 1-2 4-6 (8) times a day. To prevent asthma physical effort just before the physical work is a further admission medication. In severe cases of two doses of 6-8 times a day, with clinical improvement, and 1 dose of 4 times a day.

     Precautions : To designate patient care violations liver or kidney function. Treatment continued until as long as the allergogenny factor. Cancel the drug should be gradually decreasing doses over one week. Cough, which occurs following inhalation, nausea can receive a glass of water. If drug use is a recurring bronchospasm, it is recommended prior inhalation bronhorasshiryayuschih funds. In related therapy bronhodilatatorami they apply to the inhalation kromoglitsievoy acid. When the eye drops benzalkoniya chloride (preservative) should not wear soft contact lenses during treatment. Rigid lenses are encouraged to remove for 15 minutes before instillyatsii. Please note that after backfilling in the eye is short-visual (should not perform work requiring greater attention).

     Special instructions : Not for edema acute asthma attack and status. The patient should be warned of the need for regular use of the drug. Inhalation solution should be performed with a compression, ultrasonic or electric pump through the front mask or Mouthpiece. The aerosol container to use to stir during inhalation keep upright (dosing valve must be located at the bottom). Ingalirovanie contents of the capsules are made with a special pocket turboingalyatora ( "Spinhaler"), which put the capsule in preparation. Clicking on the cover asthma, and punctured the capsule with the active respiratory patient effort to breath powder is inhaled.

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