EFEDRIN (Ephedrinum).

     Alkaloid contained in the different types of ephedra (E phedra L.), herewith. Efedrovyh (Er hedraceae), including E phedra e quisetina In a g (ephedra hvoschevaya), growing in the mountainous regions of Central Asia and western Siberia, Ephedra monosperma S. A. M., growing in Zabaykale, etc.

     Implemented in the form of ephedrine hydrochloride (Er hedrini hydrochloridum). l-1- Fenil-2- metilaminopropanola-1 hydrochloride.

     Synonyms: Ephedrinum hydrochloricum, Ephalone, Ephedrosan, Neo-Fedrin, Sanedrine and others.

     The white needle crystals or a white crystalline powder bitter taste. Easy soluble in water (1: 5), soluble in alcohol (1: 14).

     Aqueous solutions (pH 4, 5, 7, 0) + 100 to sterilize 'C for PC min. Natural ephedrine rotates the polarization plane left: the relative rotation of 2, 5% aqueous solution hydrochloride - ZZ-36.

     For ephedrine chemical structure differs from the adrenaline that does not gidroksilov in aromatic cycle; Instead aminoetanolnoy chain contains ephedrine aminopropanolnuyu chain.

     Ephedrine stimulates a-and b-Adrenergic.

     For peripheral simpatomimeticheskomu of ephedrine close to adrenaline. It is narrow vessels, raising blood pressure, increasing the bronchi, braking intestinal peristalsis, increased inhibition, increasing glucose in the blood.

     Relatively with ADRENALIN ephedrine is less dramatic but much more prolonged effect. For more resistant ephedrine effective when imposing inside and easy to use in exchange treatment (for example, in allergic diseases).

     Unlike adrenaline ephedrine has specific stimulus for TSNS. In this regard, it is close to fenaminu (see), but he is much stronger.

     Ephedrine apply to narrow vessels and reduce the inflammatory phenomena as severe as a means to increase blood pressure in operational intervention (especially with spinal anesthesia), with injuries krovopoteryah, infectious diseases, gipotonicheskoy disease and others also used (often in combination with other ) with bronchial asthma, and sometimes with hay fever, hives, whey disease and other allergic diseases.

     Also apply to infants, narcolepsy, poison pills and drugs to suffer. Effects of stimulant linked to a minor power in central, and the dream becomes less deep and easier prosypanie whenever a male urinating on. (See also Imipramin)

     Local solution using ephedrine as sosudosuzhivayuschee funds for the expansion and pupil (with the aim of diagnostic ophthalmic practice).

     Apply ephedrine inside (to food), under the skin, the muscles and veins, as well as local.

     In sharp decline in blood pressure showed a slow intravenous; With infectious diseases, the spinal anesthesia, etc. - or subcutaneous vnutrimyshechnoe introduction; In bronchial asthma and other allergic diseases are usually appointed interior.

     Inside assign adults to 0,025 - 0.05 g 2 - 3 times a day.

     The course of treatment usually 10 to 15 days. You can also designate cycles for 3 - 4 days to 3 day intervals. When appointed to suffer sleep.

     In bronchial asthma using ephedrine in combination with teofillinom, dimedrolom, calcium gluconate and other means. It is part of a number of finished drugs combined (Teofedrin "aerosol" Efatin, Solutan, Bronholitin ").

     Children designate ephedrine inside in the following doses: the age of 1 year to 0,002 -0,003 g; 2 - 5-0,003 - 0.01 g; From 6 to 12 years 0.01 0.02 g at the reception.

     Under the skin and intramuscularly to introduce adults to 0,02 - 0,05 g 2 - 3 times a day; Intravenous impose adult struyno (slowly) to 0,02 - 0,05 g (0.4 to 1 mL of 5% solution) or drip way to a 100-500 ml isotonic sodium chloride solution, or 5% glucose solution in the total dose up to 0.08 g (80 mg)

     In ophthalmic practice using 1-5% solution (eye drops). In severe vazomotornom-2 - 3% solutions.

     Higher doses of ephedrine for adults inside and under the skin: single 0.05 g, 0.15 daily d.

     The product is usually well tolerated by. Sometimes, after 15 to 30 min after administration of the interior has light drugs, heart. These phenomena are rapidly.

     Ephedrine apply only to doctor appointments. Overdose can cause some toxic phenomena: the nervous excitement, insomnia, circulatory disorders, shaking limbs, hold urine, loss of appetite, vomiting, increased sweat, rashes.

     Ephedrine should not be extended.

     The product contraindications for insomnia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, organic heart disease, hypertonia.

     In order to night sleep should not appoint containing ephedrine and its products at the end of the day and before sleep.

     Method of issuance: powder; Pills to 0,025 mg; Pills to 0,002; 0,003 and 0,001 grams (for paediatric practice); 5% solution (for injection) in the ampoule and 1 ml; 2% and Z% solutions in vials of 10 ml (for otorinolaringologicheskoy practice).

     Storage: List B. Powder-well ukuporennoy packaging keeps out of light, pills, ampoule and solutions-in vials in sheltered from the world scene.

     Rp. : Ta b. UF hedrini hydrochloridi 0,025 N. 10

     D.S. At 1 1 - 2 pills twice a day

     R p. : Er hedrini hydrochloridi

     Dimedroli and a 0,025

     F. M. pulv.

     D. t. d. N. 10

     S. At one powder 3 times a day

     R p. : Sol. UF hedrini hydrochloridi 1 ml of 5%

     D. t. d. N. 10 in a mpull.

     S. At 0.5 to 1 ml under the skin 1 - 2 times a day

     R p. : Sol. UF hedrini hydrochloridi 2% (3%) 10 ml

     D. S. Nose drops. For 2 - 3 drops every 3 to 4 hours

     R p. : Sol. UF hedrini hydrochloridi 2 ml 10%

     D.S. Eye drops. At 2 drops in konyunktivalny bag (to increase pupil)

     Aerosol "Efatin (Ae rosolum" Er hatinum "). The product containing 10 ml each of ephedrine hydrochloride 0.06 g, 0.02 g atropine sulfate, Novocaine 0.04 g of ethyl alcohol up to 10 ml.

     A transparent liquid from flint to slightly yellowish color under pressure (created hladonom) in a glass container plus metering valve.

     Used to kupirovaniya attacks bronchial asthma (light and medium gravity), and to remove attacks suffocation with bronchitis, bronhoektaticheskoy disease and other chronic diseases of the respiratory system.

     Assign a inhalations of 1-5 times a day. Metering valve provides you with one spraying 0,1 ml. Usually 2 to 5 hits (an average of three hits, an inhalation atropine sulfate 0.2 mg, 0.5 mg and 0.4 mg efedrnna - Novocaine).

     The product contraindications with glaucoma, stenocardia expressed hypertension.

     When inhaled, may cause MEDOSIL in the throat, cough, aridity in the mouth, heart, nausea. These phenomena are following the drug.

     One container has an average of 100 single doses (3 hits).

     Storage: List A. When temperatures from 3 + to 35 + C.

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