GALANTAMIN (Galanthaminum).

     Alkaloid first isolated from tubers Voronova snowdrop (Galanthus Woronowi Los A..) , Herewith. amarilisovyh (Amaryllidaceae); also other snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis var. gracilis), and close to the plants.

     Available in a galantamina hydrobromide (Galanthamini hydrobromidum).

     Synonyms : Nivalin, Galanthaminum hydrobromicum, Galanthamini hydrobromidum, Nivalinum.

     White powder melkokristallichesky bitter taste. It is soluble in water, virtually nerastvorim of alcohol. Aqueous solutions (pH 5.0-7.0) with 100 sterile 'C for 30 min.

     On pharmacologically Galantamine close to fizostigminu. He is a strong (reversible) cholinesterase inhibitor, increases the body's sensitivity to acetylcholine. Making it easier to bring in nervnomyshechnyh synapses and restores nerve conduction muscle, blocked kurarepodobnymi antidepolyarizuyuschego of drugs (tubokurarin, diplatsin etc.); Effects depolyarizuyuschih substances (ditilina) increases. Galantamine crosses the blood-brain barrier in the governing doses facilitates counters holinergicheskih synapses in the central nervous system and increases the excitement increases smooth muscle tone and increased secretions digestive glands and the port. Like fizostigminu cause narrowing maybe, but a solution galantamina konyunktivalny in the bag may be a temporary swelling konyunktivy.

     Peripheric muskarinopodobnye effects galantamina removed holinoliticheskimi substances (atropine, etc.), and nikotinopodobnye - kurarepodobnymi and ganglioblokiruyuschimi substances. Sranitelno with fizostigminom Galantamine less toxic.

     Applied galantamina gidrobromin in infants, progressive muscular dystrophy, propulsion and sensitive violations of neuritis, polinevritami, radiculitis, radikulonevritami, with the residual problems after violations of cerebral circulation, with psychogenic impotence and other diseases. In rezidualnom recovery period of acute childhood polio and cerebral paralysis of galantamina, especially in combination with other meropriyatimyami (gymnastics, etc.) leads to the improvement and rehabilitation of motor processes and the overall improvement of the patients. According to the available data, the application galantamina in adjuvant therapy in the form of spastic cerebral palsy is not only improves nerve conduction and muscle Oxytocics increases the ability of muscles, but also positively affects mnesticheskie functions.

     Galantamine can be used in atony bowel and bladder, as well as for functional Radiodiagnosis disease and stomach ulcers.

     Assign Galantamine under the skin in aqueous solution.

     Doses of the drug set individually depending on the age of the patient, nature of the disease, the effectiveness and acceptability of the drug. Under the dose for adults is between 0.0025 g (2.5 mg) of 0.01 g 10 mg), a 0.25-1 ml 1% solution. Enter product 1 - 2 times a day.

     Higher doses for adults under the skin : single 0.01 g (10 mg), daily 0.02 g (20 mg).

     Children usually Galantamine designate in the following amounts.

  Age Dose (under the skin), g

  1 - 2-0.00025 0.0005 (0.1 - 0.2 ml of 0.25% solution) 3 - 5 years - 0,001 0.0005 (0.2 - 0.4> 0.25% >) 6 - 8> 0.00075 0,002 - (0,3 - 0,8>> 0.25%>>) 9-11> 0.00125 - 0,003 (0.5 ml of 0.25% - 0.6 ml of 0.5% solution) 12 - 14> e-0,0017 0,005 (0.7 ml of 0.25% to 1 ml of 0.5% solution) 15 - 16> 0,002-0 007 (0.2-0.7 ml of 1% solution)

     The preparation to enter one time, and when neobhomosti 2 times daily beginning with the lower dose; With good endurance dose gradually increased. The course of treatment is continuing 10-20 - 30 days. If necessary, conduct refresher courses.

     Treatment is recommended combined with physiotherapy procedures (gymnastics, massage, etc.).

     Galantamine can prnmenyatsya as antagonist kurarepodobnyh (antidepolyarizuyuschih) muscle. Enter at own dose of 0,015 - 0,025 0.02 g (15 - 20-25 mg). Feature galantamina is relatively slow development antikurarevogo effect, and most of its length (up to several hours). Galantamine can therefore be combined with prozerinom (see), providing faster, but less lasting effect.

     Galantamine also used (20-35 mg intravenously) to remove residual neuromuscular block muscle caused by the introduction of multiple suktsinilholina (ditilina).

     As powerful drug antiholinesterazny Galantamine is effective antagonist with poisoning holinoliticheskimi substances.

     When dispensing Galantamine well tolerated. In overdose and individual sensitivity possible side effects of salivation, aetiology, dizziness, etc. In these cases should be reduced dose. If necessary, use atropine holinoliticheskoe or other means.

     Galantamine, as well as other anticholinesterase drugs, is not suitable for epilepsy, giperkinezah, bronhialnay asthma, strokes, aetiology.

     Product : 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% solutions in 1 ml ampoules.

     Storage : List A. potted ampoules.

     Rp. : Sol. Galanthamini hydrobromidi 1% 1 ml

     D.t.d.N. in ampull 6.

     S. At 0.5 ml of 1 to 2 times a day, adults

     Rp. : Sol. Galanthamini hydrobromidi 0,25% 1 ml

     D. t. d. N. in ampull 6.

     S. At 0.5 ml of 1 to 2 times a day a child 8 years

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