GLATIRAMERA acetate (Glatiramer acetate)

     Synonym : Kopakson- Teva, Copaxone-Teva

     Chemical name : Synthetic copolymer of L-alanine, L-lysine, L-glutamic acid and L-tirozina in molar ratio 6:1,9:4,7:1 (as acetate)

     Description : Uksusnokislaya salt synthetic polipeptidov formed four natural amino acids (L-glutamic acid, L-alaninom, L-lysine and L-tirozinom); The chemical structure is similar to the basic elements of protein attack.

     Pharmacology : The drugs act-ummunomodulating.

Protein competes with the main attack, as well as oligodendrotsitarnym glikoproteinom attack and proteolipidnym protein binding to molecules of the main histocompatibility complex class II on the surface of cells that carry antigens. Promoting education antigen- specific T-lymphocytes. Lock mielin- specific autoimmunity behind patches of skin nerve fibers (demyelination), with scattered sclerosis.

When treating patients with multiple sclerosis relapsing during reduces the frequency of exacerbations and slow growth irreversible neurological violations.

Mutagennogo actions were detected. In experiments on rats with the S / to a dose 18 times higher than MRDCH not have adverse effects on reproduction. In S / to a pregnant rats and rabbits during organogeneza doses up to 37.5 mg / kg, there has been a negative influence on the development of the embryo / fetus. In pre - and postnatal studies with S / rats to a dose 18 times greater than MRDCH, from 15 days of pregnancy and during lactation, did not reveal significant impact on the birth, growth and development of the foetus.

Nobody knew whether enters glatiramera acetate in breast milk.

Pharmacokinetic studies in humans have not. Experimental animal studies suggest that a significant number of established S / acetate to glatiramera hydrolyses local, some into the lymphatic system, a small portion of the system comes in the bloodstream unchanged.

     Application : for relapsing MS.

     Contraindications : Giperchuvstvitelnost, incl. to mannitu.

     Restrictions on the use : Pregnancy, breast-feeding, child age (safety and efficacy of up to the age of 18 are not identified).

     Application of pregnancy and breastfeeding : Perhaps if the expected effect of treatment outweighs the potential risk to the fetus and the child (adequate and well-controlled studies of the safety of pregnant and lactating women did not).

     Side Effects : Vazodilatatsiya, hyperemia, or severity of the pain in the chest, heart, raising AD, anxiety / anxiety, weakness, dizziness, nausea, difficulty swallowing, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, urticaria (arise immediately after injection of approximately 10% of cases are independently and does not require special treatment).

Local reactions : pain at the injection, redness, swelling, itching of the skin.

     Networking : Compatible with glucocorticoids.

     Dosing and Administration : P / to 20 1 mg once a day every day in the same time. Treatment long.

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