Hepharin (heparinum)

	Hepharin (heparinum) GEPARIN (Heparinum). Synonyms : Liquaemin, Pularin, Thromboliquine, Vetren, etc. Hepharin pH mukopolisaharidom comprising residues glyukuronovoy acid and glyukozamina, eterifitsirovannyh sulphuric acid. The relative molecular mass of about 16000. GOST in humans and animals bazofilnymi (fat) cells. Most found in the liver and lungs, less in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart muscles. Gold light from cattle. For medical use of the form of sodium salt-white amorphous powder with a yellowish sheen, odourless, soluble in water and isotonic sodium chloride solution; PH 1% aqueous 6, 0, 7, 5. Activity incidents biological method to determine the ability of being lengthened closure blood plasma; Expressed in units of (ED), 1 mg international standard heparin contains 130 ED (1 ED = 0.0077 mg). Almost drug activity comes with at least 120 ED 1 mg. Solution heparin injection producing activity in 5000; 10000 and 20000 ED in 1 ml. Hepharin a natural protivosvertyvayuschim factor. Together with fibrinolizinom he is a member of the physiological antisvertyvayuscheyy system. Referring to the anti-self, that is directly influencing factors exit in the blood (XII, X, X, IX, II and VII). He also blocked trombina biosynthesis; The aggregation of platelets decreases. Protivosvertyvayuschee of incidents demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Hepharin has not only antikoaguliruyuschim action, but oppresses activity gialuronidazy, activates some fibrinoliticheskie properties of the blood, improves coronary blood flow. Introduction incidents in the body accompanied by a lowering of cholesterol and LDL-b in the serum. Has prosvetlyayuschee lipemicheskuyu effect on the plasma. Diabetic of incidents mainly due to increased activity lipoproteinovoy lipase involved in the removal of blood hilomikronov [See Gipolipoproteidemicheskie (antiskleroticheskie) funds.] . Because of the risk of bleeding heparin as gipoholesterinemicheskogo means, but does not apply. There is evidence that an unchanged immunosuppressive properties, which provides a foundation for possible use in some autoimmune diseases (Glomerulonephritis, haemolytic anaemia, etc.), as well as crises to prevent rejection of kidney transplantation in humans. One of the mechanisms of immune seems, the repression of cooperative interaction T and B-cells (see Drugs, corrective processes immunity). Protivosvertyvayuschee of incidents is at the introduction of veins, muscles and under the skin. Hepharin a fast, but relatively short. With the introduction of a single vein, the oppression of blood clotting is almost immediately and lasts for 4 to 5 hours In intramuscular effect is through the introduction of 15 - 30 minutes and lasts up to 6 hours, as a subcutaneous operation comes after 40-60 minutes and lasts 8 to 12 hours Most of gipokoagulyatsionny effects when intravenously. But for preventive purposes heparin often impose intramuscularly and subcutaneously. Applied for the prevention and treatment of various thromboembolitic diseases and their complications : to prevent or limit (localization) tromboobrazovaniya for acute myocardial infarction, thrombosis and embolism in the main veins and arteries, vascular brain, eye operations on the heart and blood vessels, to maintain liquid state blood circulatory artificial devices and equipment for hemodialysis, as well as to prevent blood clotting in the lab. Hepharin often appoint, in conjunction with fibrinoliticheskimi enzyme preparations (see Fibrinolizin, Streptoliaza, Streptodekaza). Doses of incidents and ways to be customized. In acute myocardial infarct recommended, in conditions of ambulance services, starting (in the absence of contraindications) with the introduction of incidents in the vein dose of 15000 - 20000 and ED continue in a hospital at least 5 to 6 days intramuscular introduction to 40,000 incidents in the ED day (5000-10000 ED every 4 h). Enter drug control blood coagulability, at the same time to time closure was 2 - 2 5 times the norm. For 1 to 2 days before lifting incidents daily dose gradually decrease (in 5000-2500 ED with each injection without increasing the interval between the introduction). A 3 - 4-day treatment has added indirect anticoagulants (neodikumarin, fenilin etc.). Following the incidents continue treatment anti proximity. Sometimes moving entirely to the use of anti proximity after 3 to 4 days of incidents. Hepharin may be in the form of drip infusions. In a massive pulmonary thrombosis usually do drip dose of 40000 - 60000 ED during the 4 to 6 h with intramuscular further introduction of ED 40000 a day. In particular, and peripheral venous thrombosis enter first 20000 - 30000 ED heparin intravenously, followed by 60000 - 80000 ED / day (under the control of blood coagulating properties). Application of incidents has improved, not only by direct action on Thrombus, but also because development kollateralnogo circulation, limiting the further development of the blood clot and antispasticheskogo. In all cases where incidents of 1 - 2 - 3 days before the start of its proximity to anticoagulants, which continue to receive after the incidents. To prevent tromboemboly usually do heparin in subcutaneous fat fibre intake in 5000 ED 1 to 2 times a day to and following surgical intervention. Activity continues in a single 12 - 14 h. In direct blood donor give vein dose heparin in 7500-10000 ED. Step incidents control by the time blood clotting. Since its introduction, there is a significant slowdown rekaltsifikatsii plasma lowering tolerance to unchanged, elongation trombinovogo time, a sharp increase in incidents of free (by introducing an anticoagulant). Legitimate change protrombinovogo index and contents prokonvertina fibrinogena under the influence and no incidents. Time determine blood clotting in the first 7 days of treatment, at least one every two days, then one every three days. � �� (�� ), �� 1-� �� 2 ��, �� 2-� � 3-� �� - �� 1 �� . In a split incidents, blood samples taken before the next injection drug. Using heparin, to be mindful of the development gemorragy. To prevent complications, medication should be imposed only in the hospital, limit the number of injections of other drugs (with the exception of the incidents), while threatening gipokoagulyatsii lower dose heparin (no longer intervals between injections). In the case of an individual intolerances and the emergence of allergic reactions to immediately cease imposition incidents designate antisense drugs, and with the need to continue therapy antikoagulyantnoy designate proximity anticoagulants. Hepharin contraindicated in haemorrhagic diathesis and other diseases, leading to slower blood clotting, and increased vascular permeability, krovotecheniyah any location (except haemorrhage in embolicheskom light heart attack or kidney), subacute bacterial endocarditis, severe violations as liver and kidney, acute and chronic leukaemia, al and gipoplasticheskih anemia, acute grew anevrizme heart venous gangrene. Caution is needed in ulcer and malignant lesions gastrointestinal tract, cachexia, high blood pressure (180/90 mm Hg. Art.) In the near post and aftercare period (during the first three-day 8), except when geparinoterapiya needed for health. Antagonist is unchanged Protamine sulfate. Product in sealed bottles and 5 ml of activity : 000; 10000 and 20000 ED in 1 ml. Storage : Keep in a cool place protected from the light. Abroad, along with heparin sodium salt produced from limestone salt Sa1 ii heparinas; Kaltsiparin (S alciparin e; Synonyms : Nera calin, R ularin- Sa Sa Uniparin- etc.). Indications for use kaltsiparina are the same as for the sodium salt. The drug is less local hematoma. Available in aqueous solution containing 1 ml 25000 ED. Special syringes containing 0.2 ml (ED 5000).
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