SODIUM OKSIBUTIRAT (Natrii oxybutyras).

     Sodium salt of g-hydroxybutyric acid.

     Synonyms : Natrium oxybutyricum, Oxybate sodium.

     White or white with a yellowish sheen weak crystalline powder with low specific smell. The easily soluble in water. Mg of alcohol. Gigroskopichen. Aqueous solutions (RN 7, 7, 8, 7) are sterilized at 100 + C for 30 min.

     On chemical structure and pharmacological properties-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is close to g-aminomaslyanoy acid (GABA).

     Unlike aminalona (GABA) sodium oxybutyrate easily penetrates the central nervous system.

     The drug has elements nootropnoy activity. Typical is his expressed antihypoxia action; It increases the stability of the body, including the brain tissue, heart, as well as the retina, to oxygen deficiency. The drug has a sedative effect and central miorelaksantnoe in high doses cause sleep and the state of narcosis. Analgeticheskogo impact it has, but aggravating analgeziruyuschih and drugs. It has also protivoshokovym action.

     Sodium oxybutyrate applied in practice as anaesthetics neingalyatsionnoe drug for narcosis when nepolostnyh malotravmaticheskih operations preserving spontaneous respiration, as well as introductory and reference narcosis in surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, particularly in patients who are in a state of hypoxia; In pediatric surgery; When narcosis in the elderly. In ophthalmic practice using sodium oxybutyrate in patients with primary open-angle (along with specific therapy) to activate retinal oxidation processes, and improve in this view.

     In psychiatric and neurological practice using sodium oxybutyrate in patients with neurotic and client states, with intoxication and central nervous system trauma, and sleep disorders with narcolepsy (to improve nighttime sleep).

     A sodium oxybutyrate in relatively high doses.

     For general anastezii using sodium oxybutyrate intravenously, intramuscularly or inside.

     Intravenous be physically strong and excitable people sick at a rate of 70-120 mg per 1 kg of body weight; Weakened sick 50-70 mg / kg. Diluted dissolve in the 50-100 ml 5% (or 40%) glucose solution or apply finished 20% aqueous solution in ampoules. Enter slow (1 to 2 mL / min); After 5 to 7 minutes after the start of a drug the patient falls asleep. You can also enter sodium oxybutyrate rate of 35-40 mg / kg of the mixture with 4 to 6 mg / kg of sodium tiopental- (within 1 to 2 minutes). Home abuse of notes through 4 to 6 minutes, and then to raise narcosis impose additional sodium oxybutyrate rate of 40 mg / kg. Surgical stage narcosis is 30-40 min after injection of preparation. Duration narcosis 2 - 4 hours

     Intramuscularly impose sodium oxybutyrate dose of 120-150 mg / kg (for narcosis) or 100 mg / kg in combination with barbiturates.

     Inside nominated for narcosis at the rate of 100 to 200 mg / kg. Powder dissolve in boiled water to drink and give the patient (in the House) for 40-60 minutes prior to the operation. You can use ready-5% syrup.

     Principal anaesthesia in the face of the base narcosis sodium oxybutyrate support ftorotanom, nitrous oxide, ether, or other means for general anesthesia (fentanyl, ketamine, stadol etc.).

     For induction narcosis children inside designate drug dose 150 mg / kg (in 5% glucose solution). Children entering intravenous dose of 100 mg / kg to 30-50 ml 5% glucose solution for 5 to 10 minutes.

     In narcosis using sodium oxybutyrate prior to the regular sedation (promedolom, atropine, diprazinom - pipolfenom.

     For therapeutic drug delivery narcosis slowly injected dose of 50-60 mg / kg in 20 ml of 40% glucose solution in 10 - 15 minutes or take inside dose of 40 to 80 mg / kg. Son or superficial anaesthesia lasted 1 5 3 h. In case of rapid delivery of sodium oxybutyrate injected dose of 60 to 70 mg / kg and with this background are endotrahealny anaesthesia with IVL with a split muscle.

     To treat hypoxic brain oedema using sodium oxybutyrate dose of 50-100 mg / kg (along with other events).

     To reduce the hypoxic condition retinal husband and improvement of visual functions with glaucoma appointed on the inside 0.75-1, 5 g (1 - 2 table spoons 5% syrup) 3 - 4 times a day for 30 days rates 2 to 3 times a year . Before use, planting drugs in 50 ml of water.

     For ease of use with glaucoma, neurotic condition for the normalization of sleep was also issued in 1966, 7% aqueous solution of sodium oksibu tirata (in vials of 37, 7 ml), which are preparing to use 5% aqueous solution, which the contents of a bottle handling of the bottle and adding to the 0.5 litre svezheprokipyachennoy chilled water. Is to 0.75 g (1 table spoon, 5% solution) 2 - 3 times a day, and 1, 5, 2, 25 g (2 - 3 table spoons 5% solution) at night.

     The course of treatment is usually 30 days.

     Repeated courses of glaucoma are 2 to 3 times a year; At the same time local antiglaukomnuyu therapy.

     There is evidence of effektivnostn sodium oxybutyrate in troynichnogo nerve disease.

     Sodium oxybutyrate usually well; Does not change significantly in the cardiovascular system, breathing, liver and kidneys. With rapid intravenous possible prosecution motion, apnoea car limbs and language. These complications kupiruyutsya barbiturates, Neuroleptics, promedolom. Sometimes, it's vomiting (with intravenously and ingestion). With rapid intravenously, and an overdose can cause respiratory, which can eliminate artificial ventilation of the lungs. When leaving the narcosis may propulsion and voice agitation. To speed up the withdrawal of narcosis can be used Bemegride.

     With long-term use of large doses of sodium oxybutyrate can develop gipokaliemiya.

     The drug is contraindicated in gipokaliemii, male. Caution is needed in toxicosis pregnant women with hypertension syndrome.

     In connection with the sedative effect should not appoint preparation (with nervousness, glaucoma, etc.) in the daytime persons whose work requires quick physical and mental reactions.

     Method of issuance : powder; 20% solution in 10 mL ampoules in a package of 10 vials; 5% syrup bottles in 400 ml; In 1966, 7% solution in vials of 37, 5 ml.

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