PILOKARPIN (Pilocarpinum).

     Alkaloid, produced from the plant Pilocarpus pinnatifolus Jaborandi, growing in Brazil.

     In medical practice used pilokarpina hydrochloride (Pilocarpini hydrochloridum).

     Synonyms: Izopto- Karpin, Oftan Pilokarpin, Pilogel, Saladzhen, Isopto-carpine, Oftan Pilocarpine, Pilocar, Pilocarpinum hydrochloridum, Pilogel.

     Colourless crystals or a white crystalline powder and odourless. Very easily soluble in water (1:1), easy-to alcohol. Gigroskopichen.

     Pilocarpine, bringing peripheral M-holinoretseptory is increased secretion bronchitis and digestive glands, sweat-steep, narrow the pupil (with a simultaneous decrease vnutriglaznogo pressure and improve trofiki eye tissues), increasing tone bronchial smooth muscle, intestinal, and the gall bladder, uterus.

     When you receive a quickly absorbed. When pits in the sack konyunktivalny pilocarpine eye in normal concentrations little absorbed and expressed system is not providing.

     When pits konyunktivalny bag-in glaucoma patients improved outflow intraocular fluid by reducing sphincter pupil and iris root delay, both occurring as a result of reduced tension trabekul tsiliarnyh muscles, which in turn leads to greater sin the ground.

     Pilocarpine widely used in ophthalmic practice to reduce vnutriglaznogo pressure in glaucoma, to improve trofiki eyes with a vein thrombosis central retina, acute uterine artery retina with visual nerve atrophy, hypertension in the vitreous body.

     Use also to stop midriaticheskogo action after atropine, gomatropina, skopolamina holinoliticheskih or other substances to improve pupil in the ophthalmic research.

     Assign a water solutions; Solutions with the addition of polymer compounds (Methylcellulose, etc.) that have a prolonged effect: ointment and special film of polymer material containing pilocarpine.

     Usually using 1% or 2% aqueous solution 2-4 times a day. In rare cases, appoint more concentrated solutions (4-6%).

     Pilocarpine often used in combination with other drugs, reducing pressure vnutriglaznoe: Finally adrenoblokatorami (see Timolol, Proksodolol) adrenomimetikami etc.

     Before you can sleep forever lay to 1-2% pilokarpinovuyu ointment.

     Eye film with pilokarpinom appropriate award when to normalize tone eyeball requires more than an 3-4 drops solutions drugs a day. Film with an Eye mode for the lower age 1-2 times a day. Smachivayas lacrimal fluid, and it nabuhaet konyunktivalnom retained in the lower body. Immediately after laying the film eye must be kept stationary during 30-60 with until soak the film and converting it into a mild state of the (elastic).

     Possible side effects (if instillyatsii drug in konyunktivalny bag): Miosis, headache, pain in the eyes, clearly, arose accommodation, uncertainty of view, a violation of twilight, eyes, conjunctivitis Acne (with a lengthy application), superficial Keratitis and rarely contact dermatitis century .

     Pilocarpine contraindications in a position where Miosis is desirable (irity, iridotsiklity, complications), as well as the risk of side implicated retina, worsening bronchial asthma and pregnancy.

     When using a regular drug control vnutriglaznogo pressure.

     With great care pilocarpine designate drivers of vehicles and persons whose work requires a clear view, greater attention and speed of reaction.

     Finally Adrenoblokatory and mezaton, reducing intraocular fluid products, potentsiruyut hypotensive effect (on vnutriglaznogo pressure) pilokarpina, which in turn can enhance their side effects (bradycardia, a violation vnutriserdechnoy conductivity).

     Pilokarpina antagonists are atropine and other M-holinoliticheskie substance.

     Method of issuance: 1%, 2% and 4% solution (eye drops) in containers of 0.5 ml and 10 ml vials; 1% solution in tyubikah- rehabilitation of 1.5 ml; 1% and 6% solutions in vials 5 ml; 1%, 2% and 4% in the eye ointment tyubikah to 5 g and containers of 0.5 ml; 1% solution with Methylcellulose in vials of 5 ml; film eye to 0.0027 g (2.7 mg ) pilokarpina hydrochloride (painted green diamond in green) in bars or vials.

     Abroad pilocarpine called Pilogel "is a 4% ophthalmic gel (in the box for 5 d), entitled" Saladzhen "tablets of 0,005 grams (5 mg) for the treatment kserostomii (inside, during or after food, vine one glass of water for one tablet three times a day).

     Storage: List A.

     There are also films "Pilaren", containing 2.5 mg and 1 mg pilokarpina Your gidrotartrata.

     Pilocarpine with V- adrenoblokatorom timololom issued abroad in the form of eye drops "fotil" and "fotil fort" (see Timolol). Both dosage forms registered in Russia and widely used to reduce vnutriglaznogo pressure in glaucoma.

     In our country, a combined drug pilokarpina (1%) 1% solution in the original A + beta proksodolola (see), entitled "proksokarpin."

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